Dietary Supplementation of Baker’s Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) Modulates Hemato-Biochemical  Responses and Plasma Lipid Profile in Juvenile Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

Zhraa A. Rhema; Jalal M. Al-Noor; Salah M. Najim

Authors

Zhraa A. Rhema Department of Natural Marine Science, College of Marine Science, University of Basrah
Jalal M. Al-Noor Aquaculture Unit, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah
Salah M. Najim Aquaculture Unit, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah

Keywords:

Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Common carp, Plasma biochemistry, Lipid profile, Probiotics.

Abstract

A 60-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation on plasma biochemical parameters and lipid profiles in juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Four isonitrogenous and isolipidic formulated diets containing varying inclusion levels of S. cerevisiae (Control [C]: 0 %, T1: 0.5 %, T2: 1.0 % and T3: 1.5 %) were administered to juvenile fish (initial mean weight 11.95 ± 1.55 g). Dietary yeast inclusion significantly improved plasma protein profiles in a dose-dependent manner. Total protein levels increased progressively from 3.66 ± 0.00 mg/100 mL in the control to 4.72 ± 0.02 mg/100 mL in T3 (p < 0.05). Plasma albumin concentrations peaked at 2.85 ± 0.00 mg/100 mL in T3, differing significantly from control and lower inclusion levels. Plasma globulin concentration was highest in T3 (1.87 ± 0.02 mg/100 mL (p<0.05). Concurrently, dietary yeast exerted a potent hypolipidemic effect. Plasma total cholesterol dropped from 267.00 ± 0.00 mg/100 mL (Control) to 164.00 ± 0.00 mg/100 mL (T3), and triglycerides decreased from 139.00 ± 2.82 mg/100 mL to 64.11 ± 0.04 mg/100 mL (p<0.05). Plasma lipoproteins followed a distinct declining trend, with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) concentrations decreasing by 44.7 % and 61.9 % in T3 compared to control, respectively. These findings demonstrate that dietary supplementation of S. cerevisiae at 1.5 % optimizes protein synthesis, enhances immune-related globulin fractions, and effectively modulates plasma lipid balance in C. carpio juvenile culture.

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