Jaafar, R.S. and Ahmed, S.M. 2022. Effect of salt stress on osmoregulation and energy consumption in grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val.,1844). Iraqi Journal of Aquaculture. 8, 1 (Mar. 2022), 15–38. DOI:https://doi.org/10.58629/ijaq.v8i1.227.